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Vias are essential in multi-layer PCBs, enabling interconnections between different layers. However, their impact on signal integrity and manufacturing costs cannot be overlooked. Drilling costs often account for 30-40% of total PCB production expenses. This guide explains via types, their effects on high-frequency signals, and best practices to minimize negative impacts. What is a Via? A...

Flexible Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) play a crucial role in modern electronic devices, catering to diverse application requirements with varied specifications. From double-layer computer flexible PCB boards to those designed for consumer electronics and single-layer medical applications, each possesses unique designs and applications.But if you have higher requirements, you wonder if they can be made into 4-layer boards? Can...

What is a flexible PCB? Flexible PCB is a unique type of printed circuit board that replaces the rigid FR4/metal/PTFE/ceramic substrate with a thin, bendable polyimide (PI) substrate and replaces the solder mask with a PI coverlay. Plated through holes or buried vias insulate and protect the conductive copper traces that connect the various flexible PCB...

Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is also known as Printed Wiring Board (PWB). It is used as the basis of circuit design in electronics and electrical engineering. It acts as a foundation, eliminating the need for redundant wiring and making any circuit cleaner. Removing excess wires makes the circuit more manageable and reduces weight. It is engraved...

A printed circuit board, commonly known as a PCB, is an assembly that uses copper conductors and electricity to create electrical connections between electrical components. PCB manufacturers use a substrate to make it, which houses the components that form the basis of the PCB. PCBs are made of a variety of substrate materials, depending on the...

PCB is the foundation used by electronics and electrical engineers in circuit design. It acts as a medium to connect components. Using PCB can eliminate the need for wires, make the circuit look less complicated, and make modifications easier. In layman’s terms, we can describe PCB as a laminate sandwich with additional components. It is...

Have you ever wondered what a PCB is? A printed circuit board (PCB) is an electronic component used to connect various electrical devices. Copper conductors make electrical connections between components on a printed circuit board (PCB) (electronic assembly). The printed circuit board provides mechanical support for the electronic components, leaving space for the device in the housing....

RF printed circuit boards are a highly complex but rapidly growing segment of the PCB manufacturing industry. In the PCB industry, boards that operate at frequencies above 100MHz are classified as RF PCBs. However, this standard stops at 2GHz. In addition, any board that operates at frequencies above 2GHz is called a microwave board. RF PCBs...

Rigid-flex PCB boards are one of the most widely used printed circuit boards for industrial applications. Their versatility is one of the main reasons for their popularity. They are made of a mix of rigid board and flex circuits, which means that the manufacturing method is similar to that of rigid board, but the circuit has a flexible...

What is FR-4 material? FR-4 is not a material, but a material grade, which represents a material code of a fire resistance grade. It means that the resin material must be able to extinguish itself after burning. There are a few FR-4 materials used on PCB circuit boards, but most of them are composite materials synthesized...